Speech Therapy -> Oral Motor Skills
Oral Motor Skills
Coordination of oral structures and how they work together to produce speech sounds
Minor focus areas
Skilled interventions
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Oral Placement Therapy (OPT)
Oral Placement Therapy is a speech therapy technique which utilizes a combination of: (1) auditory stimulation, (2) visual stimulation and (3) tactile stimulation to the mouth to improve speech clarity. OPT is an important addition to traditional speech treatment methods for clients with placement and movement deficits. It is a tactile-proprioceptive teaching technique which accompanies traditional therapy as traditional therapy is primarily auditory and visual. Since speech is a tactile-proprioceptive act, clients with motor and sensory impairments benefit from this approach. OPT is used to improve articulator awareness, placement (dissociation, grading, and direction of movement), stability, and muscle memory. (Bahr, D., & Rosenfeld-Johnson, S., 2010).
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Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy
Long description: According to The Oral Motor Institute, an orofacial myofunctional disorder describes any irregularities in the form and function of the muscles or the face and mouth, including dental or skeletal structures that could affect normal growth and development. OMDs can occur throughout the lifespan and may present differently in different age groups. OMDs may also interfere with how the muscles of the face and mouth are used for talking and especially impact production of alveolars (t, d, n, l), sibilants (s, z), palatals (sh, ch, zh, dg), and /r/. Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy is an evidenced-based treatment approach that falls under the umbrella of oral motor therapy and is not to be confused with Non-Speech Oral Motor Exercises (NSOME) as described by Dr. Lof. Orofacial myofunctional therapy aims to eliminate oral habits, establish and maintain nasal breathing, develop proper oral rest posture, develop correct chewing and swallowing patterns, and correct speech sound errors by using muscle strengthening exercises, therapeutic tools and tactile stimulation. The primary purpose of orofacial myofunctional therapy is to create an oral environment in which normal processes of orofacial and dental growth and development can take place, and be maintained (Hanson & Mason, 2003).
Reference links
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Bilingual (Spanish/English) Evaluation Resources 1
Author: Bilinguistics - Dozens of speech, language, fluency, and other evaluation resources for bilingual evaluations
bilinguistics.com -
Bilingual Service Delivery 1
Author: ASHA - Information and resources regarding bilingual service delivery by SLPs (from ASHA)
www.asha.org
Visual Schedule Cards
Related Disorder(s)
- Motor Speech Disorders - Dysarthria can be related to neurological damage, however it can be related to many other causes. Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder above all. A dysarthria diagnoses can come from a weakened Parkinson’s patient, a anatomy damaged TBI patient, a stroke patient with cranial nerve and strength deficits, etc).
- Childhood apraxia of speech - Childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) is a disorder that involves difficulty in making speech sounds voluntarily and stringing these sounds together in the correct order to make words. A person with childhood apraxia of speech is not intellectually impaired. Speech pathologists assess, diagnose and support people with CAS.
Assessments
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Beckman Oral Motor Evaluation Protocol 0
Beckman Oral Motor
Uses assisted movement and stretch reflexes to quantify response to pressure and movement, range, strength, variety and control of movement for the lips cheeks, jaw, tongue and soft palate.
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Kaufman Speech Praxis Test for Children 0
KSPT
Assists in the diagnosis and treatment of developmental apraxia (dyspraxia) of speech in preschool children.
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Bedside Dysphagia
During this portion of the evaluation, the patient's history is reviewed for possible etiologic factors that may contribute to swallowing disorders.
Therapists
Therapists who selected this major focus area as their top area of expertise.