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Sound-Object Association Technique
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Speech Therapy -> Hearing
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Sound-object association technique is used by an SLP with patients who are using hearing prostheses that facilitates listening to sounds. This is also referred to as “learning to listen” sounds. Patients must first become familiar with frequently heard sounds before they understand and start to speak words (Harding, 1983; Norris & Hoffman, 1994).
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Speech-Generating Device (SGD)
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Occupational Therapy -> Augmentative and Alternative Communication
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Speech-generating Devices (SGDs) are electronic devices that enable individuals with severe speech impairments to communicate verbally. SGDs range from simple button-based devices to advanced systems with dynamic screens and customizable options, all designed to facilitate communication in those unable to produce intelligible natural speech.
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Straw Hierarchy Program
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Feeding Therapy -> Swallowing
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Straw hierarchy program is an intervention utilizing gradated straws to address specific components of oral movement for feeding and swallowing (Rosenfeld-Johnson, 1999).
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Strengthening
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Occupational Therapy -> Gross Motor Skills
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Strengthening exercises in occupational therapy focus on improving the strength and endurance of large muscle groups, crucial for tasks such as walking, climbing stairs, and lifting. These exercises are beneficial for individuals recovering from injuries, managing chronic conditions, or improving overall physical function.
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Strengthening
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Occupational Therapy -> Fine Motor Skills
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Strengthening exercises in occupational therapy are designed to improve muscle strength and endurance in the hands and upper extremities. These exercises are essential for individuals needing enhanced muscle function for daily activities, particularly those with muscular weakness due to injuries, surgery, or chronic conditions.
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Strengthening Exercises
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Physical Therapy -> Strength
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Strengthening Exercises are designed to increase muscle power and endurance, essential for supporting joints and improving functional abilities. These exercises are crucial for individuals with muscle weakness due to injury, surgery, or chronic conditions.
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Stretching
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Occupational Therapy -> Gross Motor Skills
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Stretching exercises are essential components of occupational therapy, aimed at improving flexibility, reducing muscle stiffness, and enhancing overall physical function. These exercises are crucial for individuals with limited mobility due to conditions such as muscular dystrophy, post-surgical recovery, or chronic musculoskeletal disorders.
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Stuttering Modification Therapy Approach
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Speech Therapy -> Fluency
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Stuttering modification therapy is an intervention approach that uses techniques to reduce speech-related avoidance behaviors, fear, and negative attitudes, while modifying the form of stuttering. The SLP helps the patient to reduce struggle behavior, smooth out the form of stuttering, and reduce the tension and rate of stuttering by stuttering in a more relaxed and deliberate manner (Guitar & Peters, 1980; Peters & Guitar, 1991; Shaprio, 1999; VanRiper 1973; Healey & Scott, 1995).
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Successive Approximation
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Speech Therapy -> Articulation
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Successive approximation is a strategy used to shape new sounds from sounds or articulatory postures in the child's existing sound inventory.
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Swing as Sensory Regulatory Tool
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Occupational Therapy -> Sensory
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Swing therapy is a sensory integration technique that utilizes various types of swings to provide vestibular stimulation, which is crucial for sensory regulation. This intervention helps individuals with sensory processing disorders, autism, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to improve their sensory modulation and achieve a better state of calm and focus.
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Symptomatic Voice Therapy
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Speech Therapy -> Voice
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Symptomatic voice therapy is an approach where the SLP identifies a voice therapy facilitating technique which, when used by a particular patient, enables him/her to easily produce a good voice. The focus of symptomatic voice therapy is direct modification of specific vocal symptoms: pitch, loudness, resonance, or respiration. Facilitating techniques include but are not limited to: chewing exercises, circumlaryngeal massage, ear training, elimination of abuses, establishing new pitch, respiration training, target voice models, voice rest, and yawn-sign approach (Stemple, et al., 2000; Drudge & Philips 1976; Russell 2010; Pannbacker 1998).
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Tactile Cueing Techniques
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Speech Therapy -> Articulation
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Tactile cues help a child feel how to produce a target sound or word. Tactile cues may include clapping or jumping to help the child hear and include syllables in multisyllabic words, pairing a sound with a movement (e.g., say "ball" while child throws a ball), having child use hand signals while producing the sound, offering touch cues to a child's face, mouth, or neck to help them achieve correct placement, and many more.
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Tactile Desensitization
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Occupational Therapy -> Sensory
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Tactile Desensitization is a therapeutic approach used to reduce hypersensitivity to touch, common among individuals with sensory processing disorders, autism, and certain neurological conditions. This intervention aims to gradually accustom the individual to various textures and types of touch, enhancing their tolerance and reducing discomfort during daily activities.
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Therapy Ball
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Occupational Therapy -> Gross Motor Skills
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Therapy Ball exercises are dynamic activities designed to improve balance, coordination, and core strength. Utilizing a large, inflatable ball, these exercises challenge the stability of the user, making them an effective tool for enhancing motor control and sensory integration.
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Total Communication Approach
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Speech Therapy -> Hearing
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Total communication approach places emphasis on language through all available modalities in order to provide language learning. The SLP uses formalized visual communication systems such as cued speech or sign language along with interventions targeting listening and verbal communication (Holcomb, 1973).
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Traditional Articulation Approach
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Speech Therapy -> Articulation
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Traditional Articulation Approach is a phonetic approach where by the SLP treats each sound error individually. Instruction is given on how to position the articulators (lips, tongue, etc) in order to produce the target sound starting in isolation and moves through structured levels (VanRiper & Emerick, 1984; Pena-Brooks, 1972; Pena-Brooks & Hedge, 2007, Costello & Onstein, 1976).
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Trunk Control
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Occupational Therapy -> Gross Motor Skills
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Trunk Control exercises are designed to enhance the stability and strength of the core muscles, which are crucial for maintaining balance, posture, and overall mobility. These exercises are particularly important for individuals with spinal injuries, neurological disorders, or developmental delays that affect motor control.
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Verbal Cueing Techniques
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Speech Therapy -> Articulation
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Verbal cues are the various ways of telling a child how to produce a target sound or word. Verbal cues can include direct models of the word, explaining how and where to move the articulators, bringing attention to a communication breakdown (e.g., Did you mean bite or bike?), exaggerating the prosody of the word by elongating the vowels and sounding more melodic, practicing the word together, saying only the first sound of the word to get the child started, pausing and building anticipation before the last word in a verbal routine, referring to certain sounds by unique names (e.g., "coughing" sound), and many more.
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Vestibular Input
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Occupational Therapy -> Sensory
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Vestibular Input involves therapeutic activities that stimulate the vestibular system, located in the inner ear, which is responsible for sensing motion, equilibrium, and spatial orientation. This type of sensory input is crucial for individuals with balance issues, coordination difficulties, or sensory processing disorders, helping them enhance their sense of balance and spatial awareness.
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Visual Cueing Techniques
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Speech Therapy -> Articulation
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Visual cues help a child see how to produce a target sound or word. Visual cues may include pointing to your mouth as you produce the target sound or word, exaggerating a sound or word, pairing a gesture or body movement with a sound, showing pictures associated with sounds and words (e.g., sound-referenced rebus), showing pictures of the positioning of the articulators, having a child watch themselves in a mirror, and many more.
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Visual-Motor Activities
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Occupational Therapy -> Visual Motor Skills
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Visual-Motor Activities are therapeutic interventions designed to enhance the coordination of visual perception and motor skills. This integration is crucial for performing tasks that require precise eye-hand coordination, such as writing, catching a ball, or using tools. These activities are particularly beneficial for individuals with developmental delays, learning disabilities, or those recovering from neurological injuries.
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Visual Perception Activities
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Occupational Therapy -> Visual Motor Skills
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Visual Perception Activities are therapeutic interventions aimed at enhancing the ability to interpret and make sense of visual information. These activities are crucial for tasks that require visual discrimination, spatial awareness, and visual memory, such as reading, navigating environments, and recognizing patterns. They are particularly beneficial for individuals with visual processing disorders, learning disabilities, or those recovering from neurological injuries.
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Visual Schedule
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Occupational Therapy -> Play
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Visual Schedules are tools used in occupational therapy to enhance understanding and management of daily routines for individuals, particularly those with autism spectrum disorder, cognitive impairments, or sensory processing challenges. These schedules use images, symbols, or photographs to represent different activities or steps of a routine, facilitating independence and reducing anxiety.
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Vocal Function Exercises
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Speech Therapy -> Voice
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This is a program of systematic exercises that strengthen and rebalance the subsystems involved in voice production (respiration, phonation, and resonance).
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Weight-Bearing
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Occupational Therapy -> Gross Motor Skills
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Weight-Bearing exercises are designed to improve bone density, joint stability, and muscle strength by engaging various body parts to support one's own weight. These exercises are crucial for individuals recovering from fractures, those with osteoporosis, or children with developmental delays affecting their motor skills.
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